[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|desktop” admin_label=”Header” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ background_image=”https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9763\/2025\/12\/2210.i402.032.f.m004.c9.open-mind-psychotherapy-flat-background-copy_upscayl_2x_upscayl-standard-4x-3-scaled.png” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_right” custom_padding=”110px||||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”140px|0px|50px|0px|false|false” custom_padding_phone=”120px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ text_font=”||||||||” text_font_size=”18px” text_line_height=”2em” header_font=”EB Garamond||||||||” header_font_size=”60px” header_line_height=”1.3em” max_width=”600px” text_font_size_tablet=”” text_font_size_phone=”15px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” text_line_height_tablet=”” text_line_height_phone=”1.6em” text_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”50px” header_font_size_phone=”32px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Features” _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_blurb title=”Suicidal Behaviours are Complex” image=”https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9763\/2025\/12\/puzzle.png” icon_placement=”left” image_icon_width=”100px” content_max_width=”1100px” image_icon_width_tablet=”100px” image_icon_width_phone=”50px” image_icon_width_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ header_font=”|600|||||||” header_font_size=”18px” header_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” custom_padding=”|||24px” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”|||4px” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” animation_style=”fold” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_fold=”10%” animation=”off” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”15px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_color_all=”rgba(0,0,0,0.18)” border_style_all=”dotted” border_width_left=”2px” image_max_width=”100px” image_max_width_tablet=”” image_max_width_phone=”50px” image_max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
Suicidal thoughts and behaviours are multi-faceted.<\/strong> Different experiences, beliefs, and abilities can either decrease (protective factors) or increase (risk factors) the risk of suicide. To add to the complexity, these factors can occur at individual<\/strong><\/span>, social<\/strong><\/span>, and\/or cultural<\/strong><\/span> levels of one’s life. The list below gives you an idea of how suicidal behaviours and thoughts is affected by a complex combinations of risk and protective factors at different domains of one’s life.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”FAQ” _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.5″ text_font=”||||||||” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”2em” ul_font=”||||||||” ol_font=”||||||||” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”EB Garamond||||||||” header_2_font_size=”50px” header_2_line_height=”1.3em” header_3_font=”||||||||” header_4_font=”|700||on|||||” header_4_text_color=”#ffdaa4″ header_4_font_size=”12px” header_4_letter_spacing=”2px” header_4_line_height=”2em” header_5_font=”||||||||” header_6_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_2_font_size_phone=”30px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9763\/2025\/12\/individuality.jpeg” title_text=”individuality” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_cta title=”What individual risk and protective factors are related to suicidal behaviours? ” button_text=”Click Here” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”|700|||||||” background_color=”#fea404″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n These factors include individual’s psychological strengths and vulnerabilities.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Risk Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_background_color=”#fea404″ closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” toggle_icon=”||divi||400″ module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Loneliness & Social Isolation” open=”on” open_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n When a young person feels left out, disconnected, or like they don\u2019t have anyone to talk to. They may spend a lot of time alone or feel lonely even when people are around.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Limited Coping & Problem Solving Skills” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n When a youth has trouble managing stress, big emotions, or everyday challenges. Problems may feel \u201ctoo big,\u201d and they may not yet have the tools to handle them in healthy ways.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Hopelessness” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n When a young person feels like things won\u2019t get better or that their situation can\u2019t change. They might feel stuck, overwhelmed, or unable to imagine a positive future.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Poor Self-Perception.” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n When a youth sees themselves negatively, believing that they\u2019re \u201c not good enough,\u201d unliked, or a burden \u2013 regardless of what others see in them.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Poor Mental Health” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n When a young person is struggling with emotional or mental challenges, like depression, anxiety, stress, or trauma, that makes their daily social, emotional, and academic functioning harder.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_heading title=”Protective Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_background_color=”#fea404″ closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Emotional Self-Control” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n The ability for a young person to manage strong feelings, like anger, frustration, or sadness, so they can respond to situations in calm, healthy ways.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Assertiveness, Empathy, & Resilience” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Being able to speak up respectfully for oneself (assertiveness), understand how others feel (empathy), and bounce back after challenges or setbacks (resilience).<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Self Regulation” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n A young person\u2019s ability to pause, think, and choose their actions instead of reacting impulsively, and allows them to handle stress, follow rules, and stay focused.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Cognitive Flexibility” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Being able to adjust one\u2019s thinking, try new solutions, or look at problems from different angles. This skill helps youth adapt when things don\u2019t go as planned.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Good Self-Esteem” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n When a youth feels good about who they are, recognize their strengths, and believes they are capable and worthy.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”FAQ” _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.5″ text_font=”||||||||” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”2em” ul_font=”||||||||” ol_font=”||||||||” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”EB Garamond||||||||” header_2_font_size=”50px” header_2_line_height=”1.3em” header_3_font=”||||||||” header_4_font=”|700||on|||||” header_4_text_color=”#ffdaa4″ header_4_font_size=”12px” header_4_letter_spacing=”2px” header_4_line_height=”2em” header_5_font=”||||||||” header_6_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_2_font_size_phone=”30px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9763\/2025\/12\/network.png” title_text=”network” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_cta title=”What social risk and protective factors are related to suicidal behaviours?” button_text=”Click Here” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”|700|||||||” background_color=”#34b6a7″ custom_padding=”|40px||||” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n These factors involves the quality of their social network, including relationships with family, peers, and mentors.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Risk Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ open_toggle_background_color=”#34b6a7″ closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_text_color=”#000000″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Family Dysfunction” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Living in a home where there is frequent conflict, instability, poor communication, or unhealthy family dynamics can make it hard to feel safe, supported, or understood.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Experiences of Domestic Violence” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Experiencing violence, threats, or abuse between family members can foster fear, stress, and emotional harm, even when a child is not the direct target.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Relationship Problems” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Dealing with stressors like conflict, breakups, bullying, or tension with friends, teachers, or family can lead to feelings of pain, rejection, and social isolation.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Lack of Social Support” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Without the support of trusted adults or friends to turn to for help, advice, or comfort can leave youths feeling unsupported during challenging times.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Exposure to Violence” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Exposure or experiences with violence in school, community, or online can increase feelings of stress, fear, and hopelessness.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_heading title=”Protective Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_text_color=”#000000″ open_toggle_background_color=”#34b6a7″ closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_text_color=”#000000″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Good Relationship with Adults” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Having trusted, caring adults \u2013 like parents, teachers, relatives, or mentors \u2013 who listen, support and guide the young person.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Attending School” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Being engaged in school, clubs, sports, or hobbies, which provides routine, purpose, connection, and positive experiences.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Supportive & Supervisory Teachers” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Teachers who show care, provide guidance, set healthy boundaries, and notice when a young person needs help.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Friendly & Supportive Peers” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Friends who encourage, include, and standby the young person, helping them feel connected and valued.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Reliable & Safe School Enviornment” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n A school that feels physically and emotionally safe, with clear rules, caring staff, and positive climate where students feel protected and respected.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”FAQ” _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.5″ text_font=”||||||||” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”2em” ul_font=”||||||||” ol_font=”||||||||” header_font=”||||||||” header_2_font=”EB Garamond||||||||” header_2_font_size=”50px” header_2_line_height=”1.3em” header_3_font=”||||||||” header_4_font=”|700||on|||||” header_4_text_color=”#ffdaa4″ header_4_font_size=”12px” header_4_letter_spacing=”2px” header_4_line_height=”2em” header_5_font=”||||||||” header_6_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size_tablet=”40px” header_2_font_size_phone=”30px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” max_width=”1280px” use_custom_width=”on” custom_width_px=”1280px” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9763\/2025\/12\/people.png” title_text=”people” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_cta title=”What cultural risk and protective factors are related to suicidal behaviours?” button_text=”Click Here” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_font=”|700|||||||” background_color=”#5e87ee” custom_padding=”|40px||||” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n These factors are embedded in the individual\u2019s broader system including their cultural and societal contexts.<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_cta][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Risk Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_background_color=”#5e87ee” closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Exposure to Prejudice” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” toggle_text_color=”#000000″]<\/p>\n Experiencing prejudice, bias, or discrimination within schools, communities, or broader social environments based on race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability, religion, or other identities. Ongoing exposure to prejudice can erode belonging, increase stress, and contribute to feelings of isolation and hopelessness.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Exposure to Violence & Aggressive Behaviours” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Experiencing or witnessing violence and aggressive behaviours across personal, interpersonal, familial, school, or community context. This includes relational and social aggression (e.g., bullying, harassment, intimidation), which can increase fear, isolation, and emotional distress.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Systemic Inequity & Structural Racism” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Racism embedded in laws, polices, and institutions creates unequal access to resources such as financial stability, healthcare, education, and mental health services. These inequities can limit early identification of mental health concerns and reduce access to timely and effective suicide prevention and care.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Cultural-Specific Factors, Stigma, & Help-Seeking” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Culture beliefs and norms shape how young people understand emotional distress, express symptoms, and seek help. Stigma, mistrust of systems, or lack of culturally responsive services can discourage youth and families from accessing mental health support.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Acculturation Stress and Discrimination” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Immigrant and refugee youth may experience acculturative stress related to adapting to a new environment. Differences in acculturation between youth and caregivers can contribute to family conflict, emotional distress, and barrier to accessing mental health services.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Discriminatory Environments” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n LGBTQIA2+ youths experience higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviours, particularly in environments that are unsupportive, stigmatizing, or non-affirming.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_heading title=”Protective Factors” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_align=”center” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_accordion open_toggle_background_color=”#5e87ee” closed_toggle_text_color=”#333333″ closed_toggle_background_color=”#ffffff” module_class=”pa-accordion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ toggle_font=”|600|||||||” toggle_font_size=”18px” toggle_line_height=”1.6em” body_font=”||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”2em” animation_style=”zoom” animation_intensity_zoom=”2%” toggle_font_size_tablet=”” toggle_font_size_phone=”15px” toggle_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_line_height_tablet=”” body_line_height_phone=”1.6em” body_line_height_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|12px|12px|12px|12px” border_width_all=”0px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_vertical=”10px” box_shadow_blur=”60px” box_shadow_color=”rgba(15,19,25,0.1)” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Access to Youth Mental & Medical Healthcare” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Access to services that are evidence-based, trauma informed, and identity affirming particularly for populations that have been historically discriminated against and under resourced.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Addressing Barriers to Services” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Developing services that accounts for and recognizes sociopolitical context of individual cultures in relation to suicide risk assessment and intervention.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Access to Crisis Intervention Resources” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Having access to 24\/7 crisis hotlines, text lines, and emergency mental health supports.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Access to School Intervention Programs” _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Programs including social-emotional learning (SEL), screening, and suicide prevention initiative may be essential for establishing foundation for youths to connect themselves, their community, and their land. <\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Life Promoting Policy Making” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Public health policies that promote investment in mental health services, including prevention, early intervention, and treatment that considers systemic and structural barriers to care.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Anti-Stigma & Mental Health Promotion” _builder_version=”4.27.5″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” open=”off”]<\/p>\n Community efforts to reduce stigma and promote mental health literacy, encouraging early help-seeking across cultures.<\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" What Contributes to Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours?Suicidal thoughts and behaviours are multi-faceted. Different experiences, beliefs, and abilities can either decrease (protective factors) or increase (risk factors) the risk of suicide. To add to the complexity, these factors can occur at individual, social, and\/or cultural levels of one’s life. The list below gives you an idea […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12289,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-45","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12289"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":572,"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/45\/revisions\/572"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca\/seltoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<\/h4>\n
Individual Suicide Factors<\/h2>\n
Social Suicide Factors<\/h2>\n
Structural & Environmental Suicide Factors<\/h2>\n